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<p>[QUOTE=&quot;kinghamada, post: 52706&quot;]<p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">This are the investigations needed to reach diagnosis in a case of </font></span></p><p><a href="http://www.med4al.com/2025/07/bronchogenic-carcinoma-causes-pathology.html" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.med4al.com/2025/07/bronchogenic-carcinoma-causes-pathology.html" rel="nofollow">bronchogenic carcinoma </a><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">, and its differential diagnosis (DDx) .</font></span></p><p><b>[ATTACH=full]125125[/ATTACH]Investigations</b></p><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">• </font></span></p><p><b>X- ray</b><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman"> shows :</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">- Coin shadow&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; - Cavity, collapse.</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">- Mediastinum mass&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; - Diaphragmatic paralysis</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">- Effusion&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; - Rib erosion</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><br /></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">• </font></span></p><p><b>CT</b><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman"> scan chest</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">•</font></span></p><p><b> Sputum</b><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman"> examination (cytology) for malignant cells, this may be helpful in patients who are not fit for bronchoscopy.</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">• </font></span></p><p><b>Bronchoscopy</b><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman"> : biopsy and bronchial brush samples, also it can assess the proximity of central tumours to the main carina.</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">• </font></span></p><p><b>L. N biopsy</b><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman"> from scalene pad of fat .</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">• </font></span></p><p><b>Mediastinoscopy</b><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman"> ( for local extension)</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">• </font></span></p><p><b>Pleural biopsy</b><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman"> in patients with pleural effusion.</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><br /></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">• If bronchoscopy fails to obtain a cytological diagnosis, </font></span></p><p><b>percutaneous needle biopsy under CT</b><p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman"> guidance may be helpful in patients with peripheral tumours.</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="color: #000000"><font face="Times New Roman">• Laboratory investigations for paramaliganant syndrome .</font></span></p><p><b>Differential diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma</b></p><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: center"><a href="http://www.med4al.com/2025/07/dd-investigation-bronchogenic.html" target="_blank" class="externalLink ProxyLink" data-proxy-href="http://www.med4al.com/2025/07/dd-investigation-bronchogenic.html" rel="nofollow"><font size="5"><b><span style="color: Red">Source</span></b> : Differential diagnosis and investigations of Bronchogenic carcinoma </font></a></p><p>[/QUOTE]</p><p><br /></p>

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